Friendship in Sula Essay - 865 Words

Im sure you have not only heard, but also used the famous phrase opposites attract. The statement stands true not only in physics and chemistry, but also in relationships and friendships. We tend to be attracted to people with personalities that differ from ours, so life would be more interesting, and desire the opposite of what we have. A perfect example of this, is Sula and Nel, best friends from Toni Morrisons novel, Sula, where the conventional ideas of good and evil are turned upside down. The two girls are like opposite sides of a magnet, strongly attracted toward one another and useless when split apart. Life puts their friendship to the test by toying with love and sex, life and death, and good and evil, eventually†¦show more content†¦Being oppressed by her mother, Nel has an attraction to Sulas carefree environment which, unlike her own, lacks any oppression. Likewise, Sula has an attraction to Nels peaceful and orderly environment. They both desire something that the other does not have, and thats where such a strong attraction comes from. Together, they are perfect- Nel finds in Sula the youthfulness and the fun shes missing, and Sula finds order and stability in Nel. Their attraction toward each other grows stronger every year, eventually becoming so strong that they become one. Their friendship was so close; they themselves had difficulty distinguishing ones thoughts from the others (83). The positive and the negative melts together, making a perfect neutral that becomes impossible to separate or determine whats positive and whats negative. Throughout the book we see Sula and Nel as one, as do the people who know them. Even Eva at some point says to Nel, You. Sula. Whats the difference? (168). Eva makes a reference to the perfect example of Sula and Nel being one, the time when Chicken Little drowns in the river. At that point, it seems that Sula and Nel swap personalities. Very unlike her, Sula panics and breaks down crying when she accidentally lets go of Chicken Littles hand, while Nel suddenly becomes the more collected one, calming down her other half. Although Nel thinks of herself as the good one and considers Sula the bad one, at that point youShow MoreRelatedFriendship in Sula Essay1163 Words   |  5 PagesFriendship in Sula In Sula, Toni Morrison questions what true friendship is by putting Nel Wright and Sula Peace’s friendship to the test. Morrison tests the phrase â€Å"opposites attract† in this novel. Nel and Sula have two different personalities yet they are able to compliment each other. They are opposites in the way that they relate to other people, and to the world around them. Nel is rational and balanced; she gets married and gives in to conformity and the town’s expectations. SulaRead MoreTesting Friendships in Sula by Toni Morrison1148 Words   |  5 Pagesthat they have with others. Whether there are complications in the friendship or not, the person’s life is changed in some way. In Sula by Toni Morrison, friendships are put to the test. Single mother-child relationships and other friendships have hardships that they must overcome. Friendships between women when unmediated by men in a mother and child relationship create difficult decision-makings and wa ys of life, yet friendships between friends are less complicated and stronger without them. TheRead MoreEssay Sula1467 Words   |  6 Pagesaround the year 1919. Sula Peace, the daughter of Rekus who died when she was 3years old and Hannah, was a young and lonely girl of wild dreams. Sula was born in the same year as Nel, 1910. Sula was a heavy brown color and had large eyes with a birthmark that resembled a stemmed rose to some and many varied things to others. Nel Wright, the daughter of Helene and Wiley, was and unimaginative girl living in a very strict and manipulated life. Nel was lighter in color than Sula and could have passedRead MoreToni Morrisons Sula Essay example1465 Words   |  6 PagesSula Toni Morrisons Sula is a novel that has a theme about the nature of evil. The story follows the lives of two black female friends who present differing views on evil. On one hand, we have societys conventional view of evil represented by the character of Nel and also seen in the Bottoms disapproval of Sula. The other view of evil is seen through the character of Sula and through her actions, which conflict with traditional society. The friendship of Sula and Nel is how the authorRead MoreToni Morrison s Sul Gender Heteronormative Relationships1098 Words   |  5 PagesIn Toni Morrison’s Sula, gender heteronormative relationships are demonstrated in a very punishable manner. The two main characters Sula Peace, and Nel Right share a very strong, well connected friendship. The two of them are a mirror reflection of each other, with the same desires. Heteronormative institutions in the book do not seem to be stable for the most part. Hannah Peace, the single mother Sula, live s a disordered life in her household while Helene Wright belongs to a conservative and peacefulRead MoreSula Character Analysis1218 Words   |  5 PagesThe phrase opposites attract is proven true by the characters Sula and Nel in the novel Sula by Toni Morrison. When an individual desires to be complete, they seek this completion through things other than themselves. This is exactly what Sula and Nel, the main characters in Sula, do. These two characters are formed through their families, and the level of structure their families have given them. They are initially attracted to each other at the age of twelve out of disparity. Nel is seeking toRead MoreThe Friendship Of Two Black Women By Toni Morrison Essay986 Words   |  4 PagesToni Morrison’s novel is about the friendship of two black women, and how they and others live with the challenge social circumstances in Ohio during 1920s to 1960s. Throughout the story, Morrison encourages black women should overcome hardship s and traumatic experiences to become independent and self-determined when they face racism, sexism, and poverty. The paper is using social work lens to examine how African-American history affects U.S social welfare. To be honestly, learning American historyRead MoreCompanionship in Sula Essay744 Words   |  3 PagesCompanionship in Sula Humans need to be with other humans. They need the companionship and they need to know that other people care. Most of the time, this companionship that humans seek with each other will evolve into friendship. At other times, the companionships will evolve into love. Differentiating between friendship and love is difficult because there are no clear cut boundaries on either side. What one person might feel as love, the other might distinguish as friendship or vice versa.Read MoreGood Things Don t Last Forever915 Words   |  4 PagesWithin the duration of life, there can be times where things seem almost perfect. In Sula, written by Toni Morrison, some good relationships appear to be perfect. Even in relationships that have perfect moments, there will at times be problems. Sometimes, even good relationships fail. Good relationships do not last because people cheat, people leave, and people die. Relationships end because people cheat. In Sula, Jude and Nel was a married couple who had a family. They were happy. Even Nel describesRead More Frustration and Denial in Morrisons Sula Essay771 Words   |  4 Pagesnbsp; Frustration and Denial in Morrisons Sulanbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp; A book which is most celebrated for its tale about friendship is found to have a more important theme and role in literature. In Search of Self: Frustration and Denial in Toni Morrisons Sula, the author Maria Nigro believes Sula has much more important themes in modern literature. Sula celebrates many lives: It is the story of the friendship of two African American women; but most of all

Charlie Parra Mr Mooney American Lit 06 February 2017 Charlie

Charlie Parra Mr Mooney American lit 06 February 2017 Charlie is a 15-year-old boy who is starting his freshman year of high school and already feels alone. Because charlie is so shy and withdrawn there is nobody he can really talk to about his problems and fears about going to high school. Charlie has a sister but throughout the book we see she is preoccupied with her boyfriend, his older brother is in college and he is scared to speak to his parents because he doesn’t want to worry them I probably won’t tell them the truth because I don t want them to worry that I might get bad again ( Chbosky 17). Throughout the book, he writes letters to a â€Å"friend† unknown by the readers, and he uses these letters as an outlet to express his†¦show more content†¦His frustration grows after his friends start heading off to college and has a constant stressor from all the flashbacks he’s having, believing that he himself killed his Aunt. Charlie was clo se to his aunt as a child and it is obvious that aunt Helen was playing favoritism when it came to charlie. Aunt Helen gave him a special attention and she was kind to him, she told him that she understood him and he was special but this in a way was a ruse. Charlie repressed his memories of aunt Helen s sexual assault but started realizing eventually, Charlie has a mental breakdown during his first sexual encounter with Sam and the realization of his past comes flooding in after she touched his leg similar to the way his aunt Helen did to him. He was sexually assaulted by his aunt and he tried forgot all of this and he tried to move on with his life but he saw memories that haunted him. This could be the possible reason and explanation as to why he said to her sister that he wished their aunt to die. Afterward, charlie is in a hospital after trying to commit suicide and must start accepting the truth to get past what happened. Charlie is often trying to please people and is always worried about how other people feel but never truly worries about himself, it could be that charlie is very caring but it is possible that charlie has had this way of thinking instilled in his mind: aunt help was very disturbed as charlie knew this and because of this he was constantly

The Problem in 7 Eleven Case-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Problem in 7 Eleven. Answer: The problem in 7 Eleven The scam that has been identified in this context of the organization is known to be the half pay scam. The scam was detected when Pendem, the Indian student worked at the three different stores under the four franchisees in the Gold Coast region (7-eleven.com 2017). The working life in 7 Eleven had been a sheer nightmare for Pendem since he said that he had to work for almost 16 hours at a stretch and he did not even get a proper break in his working hours. He had been victim of a robbery twice in his working days within 18 hours in Balaclava (Levy and Kochan 2012). He had admitted that he was paid $10 at a store per hour and he got $14 at another store for working as hourly payment. There have been such cases in 7 Eleven as well where the cases of fraud have been found out in the reports. There have been serious problems like the breaching of the workplace laws as noted by the Fair Work Ombudsman. Fresh investigations have been launched in this aspect by Fair Work Ombudsman. The organization 7 Eleven has been engaged in various issues like $170 billion fraud of the wages that should have been paid to the workers of the organization. They have engaged in such cases like the payment frauds to its workers and the federal government is on the path to execute a strict punishment on this organization. They have deprived several workers of their wages and some of them have been presented with the underpayment. These systematic wage frauds have become a central part of the working facilities in Australia. The workers have been exploited in a very nasty way and the parliament members are very serious about these issues. Clearly, the thing that has been done is clearly unethical. The reports are that the organization has paid $26 million back to its 680 workers. However, this does not resolve the issue since the lives of the workers have been hampered and they have been harassed badly that needs serious introspection by the government. These unethical things by the main actors shall not be tolerated at any case. He had claimed that he had to do the job of two people since he had to clean the petrol pumps, stock the shelves and serve customers (Ferrell and Fraedrich 2015). Besides that he had to look after the facts if anyone was trying to escape without paying for taking the petrol. Another trouble occurred that he had fallen in breach of the visa conditions for working so long. So, this means he had to work for longer hours more than his shift timing, fall in the breach of visa conditions for which he was not guilty at all and so on (Ferrell and Fraedrich 2015. The authorities threatened him to cancel his Visa whenever he went to complain because of his salary or any of the working conditions (Levy and Kochan 2012). The three theories that have to be explained in this context are egoism, utilitarianism and Kant duty. These have to be applied and adjusted in context of the selected organization. Egoism Egoism is the theory that tells the people to behave in their own interests and not to put any obligations in the way of the other people (Rachels 2012). It strictly tells the people within an organization how to behave themselves and thus is a perspective theory. In this context, the main actors have violated the roots of egoism since they have entered into the domain of the interest of the Indian boy. This was thoroughly overruled in this perspective and the ethics of the organization was completely broken (Rachels 2012). The organizational ethics does not allow the organization to harass the employees or deprive them of the facilities. Utilitarianism Utilitarianism is one of the best known moral and ethical theories in the world (Hayry 2013). It says that the results of the actions determine whether the action is good or bad. The focus on the individual actions and its effects decide whether the action is ethical or not. The thing that had happened in case of Pendem was extremely unethical since the result of the actions was very bad. He had to suffer because of the policies of the organization. Kant duty According to the Kantian ethics, good will is the only thing that can be considered the best possible way for measuring the ethical measures of any individual or the organizations (Bowie 2017). Every person should act according to their respect of the moral law but 7 Eleven had continuously been violating these laws and threatening Pendem that is quite a bad thing on their side (Bowie 2017). References 7-eleven.com. (2017).7-Eleven. [online] Available at: https://www.7-eleven.com/ [Accessed 6 Oct. 2017]. Bowie, N.E., 2017.Business ethics: A Kantian perspective. Cambridge University Press. Ferrell, O.C. and Fraedrich, J., 2015.Business ethics: Ethical decision making cases. Nelson Education. Hayry, M., 2013.Liberal utilitarianism and applied ethics. Routledge. Levy, F. and Kochan, T., 2012. Addressing the problem of stagnant wages.Comparative Economic Studies,54(4), pp.739-764. Rachels, J., 2012. Ethical egoism.Ethical Theory: An Anthology,14, p.193.

Pied Beauty free essay sample

Comment closely on the following poem, discussing how effective the poet shows his admiration for nature. Pied Beauty by Gerard Manley Hopkins 611 words In the beginning, God created the heavens and the Earth and all of its landscapes. Gerard Manly Hopkins intensely shows his adoration and admiration of nature, with it being his main theme, in â€Å"Pied Beauty†. Through diverse and effective uses of structure, imagery and symbolism he showcases his love for the world. First of all, when looking at the structure and format of the poem, it closely resembles that of a prayer shown by the one stanza format, the â€Å"Glory be to God† introduction and the â€Å"Praise him† conclusion. Hopkins introduces the concept of deism so early on because his mentality of nature being so elegant and ? awless leads him to believe that only divine intervention could have created something so pleasing. The rhythm present in the poem never loses its slow, gentle ? ow, using only two full stops in the entire poem, to simulate the atmosphere of a calm scene in nature. We will write a custom essay sample on Pied Beauty or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Furthermore, the entire poem paints images spread across the whole colour spectrum. From â€Å"brinded cow† to â€Å"rose-moles† to even â€Å"? recoal[s]† and â€Å"chestnut[s]† Hopkins’ use of imagery creates a beautiful masterpiece of various hues that re? ects his perception of nature. Hopkins uses artistic terms such as â€Å"dappled†, not just because he was a painter at the time, but also because he wanted to convey the allure of all thing. Even the widely unappealing cow is drawn in a favourable light being described as that of â€Å"couple-colour† and being â€Å"brinded† with it’s unique spots. This ‘collage’ that Hopkins makes links back to the idea of an unknown, superior being creating all things wonderful. Much like how he painted as a hobby, Hopkins portrays God as an artist forging all of nature. Penultimately, with language such as anaphora and sibilance, as well as other sound devices, Hopkins creates a pace and tone ? tting for nature. Using many fricatives like â€Å"fold, fallow, and plough† he builds a bridge between these things of nature and joins them showing that all things are unique yet interconnected at the same time for example â€Å"? kle, freckled† and â€Å"fresh-? recoals†. Also, with sibilance such as â€Å"swift, slow; sweet, sour†, Hopkins maintains the pace of the poem and uses soft â€Å"s† sounds to correlate to nature’s gentle character. As well as this, the endings of all lines are relaxed and elongated so as to show the lack of forcefullness: for instance, â€Å"plough†. Lastly, t he symbolism of the wildlife used in â€Å"Pied Beauty† shows the variety of grandeur that Hopkins sees in nature. When he talks of the contrasting â€Å"fresh-? recoal† and â€Å"chestnut-falls† he discusses the complex cycle of life in the world. The ripe chestnuts represent all trees and foliage and the ? recoal symbolises the eventual demise of all plant matter. The glows of fresh? recoals also represents the gentleness of even the most dangerous elements of nature further emphasizing the kind temperament of the world. As well as ? re and vegetation, Hopkins uses the ? nch as a representation of the freedom on Earth. Birds, much like ? sh and even trees, grow and move on their own accord thanks to the carefree disposition of nature. And, Hopkins, as a human, of course admires the vast expanses of the planet and the liberation that comes with it. Through use of miscellany effects such as language, it shows that Gerard Manley Hopkins expresses true gratefulness for nature. But why must the poet emphasize his admiration for this planet so greatly? Over time, humanity has strayed from the path of nature and taken for granted the resources Mother Earth has gifted us. Mankind shall perish should we end up destroying what is beautiful in the world.

How To Overcome A Fear Of Public Speaking

How To Overcome A Fear Of Public Speaking Do you get performance anxiety when you need to make a speech in public, be it a large or small crowd? It’s entirely normal if you’re nodding your head ‘yes’, because even the most seasoned public speakers in the world suffer from an attack of the jitters from time to time. The key is in knowing how to deal with such problems, having a few methods in your pocket to get you over your anxiety, and recognising that feeling nervous to any degree is entirely normal. If you have a big presentation coming up, and you’re losing sleep over it, worry no more! Here’re a few tips on how you can become a rockstar public speaker, and kick those worries to the curb. So here they are: Know What You’re Talking About Preparation is everything, and knowing inside out what you’re talking about is the way forward. Research, research, research! Don’t leave everything to the last minute, make sure you look into your topic and know your stuff well ahead of time, because putting it all off will simply add to your problems and make you more nervous about the outcome. Here at Essay Writing Place, we offer a comprehensive service for students experiencing problems with presentations, providing them with thorough research which is easy to understand and present and developing an effective outline. Having everything you need not only in your head, but also down on paper in front of you, goes a long way to easing your performance anxiety. Practice Really Does Make Perfect We’ve all heard this saying, but it is a truth. Stand in front of a mirror and deliver your speech or presentation, or perhaps ask a friend or family member to listen to it for you and act as the audience. It doesn’t matter whether you go over it twenty times, because the more you do it, the easier it will become, and the more confident you will feel – you will probably also feel that you know it off by heart, and that is certainly a great way to cut down on worries and stress. Think Positive Before you head onto that podium and deliver your presentation, picture in your mind that you were successful, that you had a standing ovation, and basically that you brought the house down. Positive thoughts bring about confidence, and it is confidence which will carry you through. Focus On Your Breath During your presentation, and certainly before, if you feel your heart rate starting to climb, and your breath coming in sharp bursts, close your eyes, take a deep breath, and hold it for a few seconds, before exhaling slowly. Focusing on your breath shuts out the outside word, which in turn shuts out your worries. Before you head onto that podium, practice this method and feel your nerves melt away. Don’t Focus Too Much On The Audience The information you’re giving to your audience is more important than the audience itself, so try and shut out as much as you can when you think about the people sat in front of you. You may look nervous from time to time during your presentation, but so what? Nerves can power us to success. Be passionate about the information you’re giving. Don’t Be Afraid To Take A Moment If you feel your hands shaking, or you can hear a hitch or wobble in your voice, take a moment to gather yourself, do your deep breathing, and continue. Nobody is going to notice you having a second or two to yourself, and whilst it might seem like an age to you, in reality it is probably going to be no more than five seconds. Pat Yourself On The Back, You Rock! Well done you! You did it, and you should be proud of yourself. Even if you had a few minor wobbles, it doesn’t matter, because you got the job done. Take each success as a step towards major confidence in the future when it comes to your next bout of public speaking. Even the most confident people in the world sometimes stumble when making speeches in public, and it’s certainly not a failing to admit that this is an area that worries you. It’s all about preparation, knowing your stuff, and sometimes about faking confidence. Our presentation preparation service will go a long way to helping you be 100% prepared, and when you know what you’re doing, the rest is easy.

Sample MBA Leadership Recommendation Letter

Sample MBA Leadership Recommendation Letter As part of the admissions process, most MBA programs ask students to submit recommendation letters from a current or former employer. The admissions committee wants to know more about your work ethic, teamwork capability, leadership ability, and work experience. This information helps them to determine whether you would be a good fit for their business program. Tips for a Great MBA Recommendation Letter The  best MBA recommendation letters  support the rest of your business school application by providing details about your work experience, leadership, and personal qualities. They can push borderline candidates into the acceptance stack. Choose your recommenders wisely.  Business schools would rather see professional recommendations than academic recommendations, preferably from your current supervisor. Your MBA recommenders should be able to speak in detail about your qualifications, supporting the points you made in your essays.  If you dont know many people who can do this, start cultivating some. Prepare your recommenders well.  While its not advised to write your own recommendations for others to sign, you should provide your recommenders with the necessary background information to write compelling letters.  This should include: The resume you plan to submit with your application.A statement of purpose indicating how you’re presenting yourself in your application. If you havent written it, provide a rough outline of what you plan to say.Talking points. Remind them of projects you managed that they can use to highlight your skills.A list of schools to which you are applying.A list of deadlines.  Ask for recommendations well in advance of deadlines.Instructions for how to submit letters, through  the school’s online system or by mail. If your schools require mailed letters, include envelopes and postage. Send a thank-you note.  Send it two weeks before the deadline, which will also provide a gentle reminder if the recommendation  hasnt been written. Once you get your decisions,  let your recommenders know how it turned out. Sample Leadership Recommendation Letter This sample letter of recommendation was written for an MBA applicant. The letter writer made an effort to discuss the applicants leadership and management experience. To Whom It May Concern:Janet Doe has worked for me as a resident manager for the past three years. Her responsibilities have included leasing, inspecting apartments, hiring maintenance staff, taking tenants complaints, making sure common areas look presentable, and keeping track of the property budget.During her time here, she has had an amazing impact on the appearance and financial turnaround at the property. The property was near bankruptcy when Janet took over. She turned things around almost immediately. As a result, we are expecting our second year of profit.Janet is highly respected by her co-workers for her willingness to help anyone anytime she can. She has been instrumental in helping institute new companywide cost-saving procedures. She is very well organized, diligent in her paperwork, easily reachable, and always on time.Janet has real leadership potential. I would highly recommend her for your MBA program.Sincerely,Joe SmithRegional Property Manager Source How to Get A Great MBA Letter of Recommendation. The Princeton Review, TPR Education IP Holdings, LLC, 2019.

Povert delibrating impacts on U.S urban communitiesa Essay

Povert delibrating impacts on U.S urban communitiesa - Essay Example For example, The World Bank sets poverty consumption levels as an individual living on less the $2.00 a day, this is a world total. In the U.S., the poverty level is listed in the table below provided by the Federal Register: Even though the U.S has a strong economy in comparison to other countries that does not mean much, as a significant percentage of the population is struggling to survive. The United States has the largest national economy in the world, with a GDP for 2005 of 12.41 trillion dollars. In this mixed economy, corporations and other private firms make the vast majority of microeconomic decisions, and governments prefer to take a minimal role in the domestic economy. Because of this, the U.S. has a small social safety net, and business firms in the U.S. face considerably less regulation than those in many other nations (Facts About the United States, Worldfacts). On the global level, poverty has been estimated that in  2001, 1.1 billion people had consumption levels below $1 a day and 2.7 billion lived on less than $2 a day (Economics of Social Issues, 2006, page, 3). At the same time, the Census Bureau released its latest estimate of the fraction of Americans living below the poverty li ne. It was higher in 2001 (11.7 percent) than in 1973 (11.1 percent). The official measure indicates that a greater portion of families and children live in poverty in America today than three decades ago. Poverty alleviation dominates the global agenda in the 21st century, as is featured in the Millenium Development Goals of the United Nation. The effect of poverty on the society varies across the urban and rural areas as it does across countries. It is estimated that, with urbanization, nearly 40 percent of the world’s population live in cities and by 2020, the growth in urban population will be faster in low-income countries than in high-income ones, leading to an even higher incidence of urban poor

The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe Analysis - Essay Example For example: during the first verse of the poem, the poet states â€Å"some one gently rapping, rapping at† and again the similar technique was utilized during the second verse of the poem when he states â€Å"my books surceases of sorrow †¦ sorrow† and similar kind of repetition of vocabulary has been conducted through all of the verses. In the poem â€Å"The Raven† the poet describes about his meet up with a raven during a night of the month of December when the poet is slipping into his sleep while he was examining poems in a book. In the poem, the poet is sitting near a fire place which he states in the poem in an artistic manner when he describes the shadows that have been created by the burning pieces of coal in the fireplace. He is going through the book of poems because he aims at forgetting his past which was full of sorrows because of his loss of Lenore. He describes Lenore as being infrequent and healthy and states that she has been named as Lenore by the angels. While he goes through the book of poems he hears a tap at the door of his bedroom and regards the moment as a visitor tapping at the door of his chamber. In the next stanza he describes two feelings, the feeling of fear along with the feeling of thrill that has been caused due to the tapping of the door of his bedroom and he describes his feelings as thrilling and fantastic terrors. The verse continues with the poet stating that he answered the door by asking the visitor about why he is there and why the visitor was knocking the door so lightly that he himself can not clearly hear the knock. Later he stands up and goes to answer the door and when he opens the door for the visitor he figures out that no body is there and he can only experience darkness. Next in the poem he describes his feelings with words such as fear, dream, doubt and wonder. He uses these words because he expects to see Lenore out of no where and

Holiday Blues Essay Example for Free

Holiday Blues Essay Holidays filled with fun, family outings, shopping, Christmas Trees, and bringing in the New Year. It is not always like this for others. Holidays can be a very depressing time for others. When families get together you might want to pay attention to that loved one that maybe still grieving or going through lifes blows. It is hard to get into the grove of things when you look around and see that their is someone missing this year. Life is not the same without that person or persons. You are not so happy about another year going by and you havent made any significant progress in your life. It seems that nothing anyone can do to get you over this silent pain you are going through. Counseling could be one way of coping with this loss and trying to fill this void in ones life. Anti-depressants is another alternative. The best way I have found to beat the blues in combination of the above,if that is needed, is to bring yourself back to something you love to do. Be it listening to music, writing memoirs, singing, going out to a comedy. Just get yourself involved and loose yourself in your favorite past time to help alleviate the pressure. Remember not everyone is happy during the holidays. Try and look out for one another. You never know; all that person really needs to know is that someone has noticed them and had shown them that they really care. It is not only the teenagers we need to watch. We also need to watch the people that fall within the middle age group. So during the holiday fun and cheer look around to notice others that are not so happy. Cheer them up and show them that you care.

Experiencing the Magic Theater :: Literary Analysis, Harry Haller

After reading Herman Hesse’s â€Å"Steppenwolf,† one probably notices the main character in this novel, Harry Haller, is in a constant internal battle, where there is a â€Å"continual and deadly enmity† (41-42) between two natures, one where he claims to possess and the other to be divided by â€Å"a human and a wolfish one† (41). Although one can gain many insights from reading Steppenwolf, I believe Haller seeks to conform to the bourgeois in every aspect of his life. However, he belatedly realizes how he actually despises the bourgeois for its complacency and conformity. He comes upon this conclusion when he meets several people who are willing to help him form this conclusion by way of preparing him to experience the â€Å"Magic Theater.† I also believe that the Magic Theater is an important learning ground for teaching one to laugh, including Haller. The Magic Theater, which I believe to be â€Å"a world of pictures, not realities,† (178) is a reflection of Haller’s own mind. I also believe that when Haller enters the Magic Theater he is completely separated from reality because the elixir allows Haller to see what his own soul seeks; thus, the Magic Theater serves as an important learning ground for Haller, for it helps him to â€Å"see everything through the eyes of Harry and the old spectacles of the Steppenwolf† (176), which is meant to help him see his true self, as he sometimes failed to see before. In addition, the Magic Theater shows Harry his â€Å"past life had been false and full of stupid unhappiness† (199). These regrets and mistakes in his past help him to gain understanding of life so that â€Å"he can rearrange these pieces of a previous self in what order he pleases,† (192). Therefore, the Magic Theater also serves, as the chess player pointed out, to show Haller that life’s obstacles and decisions are â€Å"all the hundred thousand pieces of life’s game† (217) that’s in his pocket. For this reason Haller will be able to control his own life, to not make the same mistakes again. Rather, he will be able to relive every moment in life again as it is meant to be live. As Haller simultaneously learns how to laugh in the Magic Theater, he is intrigued by the events that take place within the Magic Theater. In one instance, within the Magic

Feasibility Study Essay

2.1 FEASIBILITY STUDY The feasibility of the project is analyzed in this phase and business proposal is put forth with a very general plan for the project and some cost estimates. During system analysis the feasibility study of the proposed system is to be carried out. This is to ensure that the proposed system is not a burden to the company. For feasibility analysis, some understanding of the major requirements for the system is essential. Three key considerations involved in the feasibility analysis are ECONOMICAL FEASIBILITY TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY SOCIAL FEASIBILITY ECONOMICAL FEASIBILITY This study is carried out to check the economic impact that the system will have on the organization. The amount of fund that the company can pour into the research and development of the system is limited. The expenditures must be justified. Thus the developed system as well within the budget and this was achieved because most of the technologies used are freely available. Only the customized products had to be purchased. TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY This study is carried out to check the technical feasibility, that is, the technical requirements of the system. Any system developed must not have a high demand on the available technical resources. This will lead to high demands on the available technical resources. This will lead to high demands being placed on the client. The developed system must have a modest requirement, as only minimal or null changes are required for implementing this system. SOCIAL FEASIBILITY The aspect of study is to check the level of acceptance of the system by the user. This includes the process of training the user to use the system efficiently. The user must not feel threatened by the system, instead must accept it as a necessity. The level of acceptance by the users solely depends on the methods that are employed to educate the user about the system and to make him familiar with it. His level of confidence must be raised so that he is also able to make some constructive criticism, which is welcomed, as he is the final user of the system.

Law Case Study Essay

QUESTION On 1 October, Buyer saw a courier van with a FOR SALE sign that included a telephone number and a price of â€Å"$25,000 cash.† That night, Buyer called Seller. Buyer explained that he would have to borrow the money but could get it next week. Seller provided his address to Buyer and told Buyer, â€Å"If you want the van, mail me a cheque for $5000. Pay the balance by1 November.† Later that day, Buyer mailed Seller a $5000 cheque. The next night, at Buyer’s 18th birthday party, Buyer discussed the deal with Investor. After buying the van, Buyer planned to start a document courier service, and he had spent $1200 on business cards, flyers and a cellular phone. Buyer projected a profit of $50,000 in the first year. Investor was impressed with Buyer’s plans and agreed to loan Buyer $20,000 to buy the van. On 25 October, Buyer called Seller to pick up the van. Seller refused and said someone had offered him $35,000 for the van. Seller had not cashed Buyer’s cheque as yet. Seller offered to deposit the cheque and give him the van if Buyer would pay Seller $20,000 now plus $400 a month for 25 months. Buyer laughed and said, â€Å"Yeah, right.† But without a van, Buyer would not be able to start his courier service. Investor wants to hire you to give Buyer legal advice. Prepare a memorandum addressing the following matters in detail, and including relevant case law to support your arguments: What are Buyer’s potential claims against Seller? What are Seller’s potential defences? Who is likely to prevail in the event this case goes to court? Assume Buyer prevails in his lawsuit against Seller. What damages is Buyer likely to receive from the court? SUMMARY AND RELEVANT FACTS In this case Buyer is plaintiff whereas Seller is defendant. October 1: Buyer saw courier van FOR SALE with a telephone number at the price of  $25000. Buyer called seller later at night and told him that he could borrow money by next week. Seller demanded $5000 by cheque and to pay remaining by November 1. Buyer mailed the cheque. October 2: Buyer became a major. Buyer spent $1200 on courier service advertisement. Investor loaned buyer $20,000. October 25: Seller refused as he had gotten a better offer of $35,000.Seller offered to deposit the buyer’s un-cashed cheque on conditions for the buyer to pay $20,000 for van + $400 for the next 25 months. Buyer refused his new offer. ISSUE(S) The main issue is this scenario is whether it is a valid contract or not. If yes, then what are the rights and damages available to buyer on breach of contract by seller? The following sections of Australian contract law should be satisfied in order to make this contract valid. (see below) These elements need to be explored to determine whether it is applicable. RULE/ RELEVANT LAWS All the agreements are contracts if they are made by the free consent of the parties competent to contract, for a lawful consideration and with a lawful object and are not expressly declared to be void. The person making the offer is known as the offerer, proposer, or promisor and the person to whom it is made is called the offeree or proposee. When the offeree accepts the offer, he is called the acceptor or promise. When at the desire of the promisor, the promisee or any other person has done or abstained from doing, or does or abstains from doing , or promise to do or to abstain from doing something, such act or abstinence or promise is called a consideration for the promise. Every person is competent to contract if he  is an age of majority, Is a sound mind, And is not disqualified from contracting by any law to which he is subject. APPLICATION A contract is formed valid if there is an offer, acceptance and consideration. FORMATION OF THE VALID CONTRACT OFFER VS. INVITATION TO OFFER There are some kinds of activities which appear to be making offer but legally are not, for instance, distributing broachers and circulars, display of goods for sale and advertising. So the seller could raise the point that he didn’t make an offer. He only made an invitation to make an offer. Partridge vs. Crittenden [1968][1] The FOR SALE sign would not considered as an offer since it is an invitation to make an offer. In this case, buyer made an offer by calling the seller. ACCEPTANCE For making a valid contract following elements should be essential: offer, acceptance and intention/consideration (Graw, S. (2002). An introduction to the law of contract. (4th ed) chapter 2, page 94). Buyer made an offer to the seller but was unable to enter into a contract since he did not have money until the next week. But the seller shows a manifestation of an intention that he wanted to accept his offer. Seller made a counter offer by asking buyer to send him $5000 on the same day by cheque through post and the rest of amount until November 1. The postal rule of acceptance is applied. In this scenario, buyer accepted the offer when he mailed the $5000 the next day because this way seller wanted the acceptance. A valid contract is formed which is irrevocable until November 1. [Routledge v. Grant, (1828) 4 Bing. 653] [2] INTENTION AND CONSIDERATION For the agreement to be viewed as a contract, it must either be supported by consideration or be a formal contract. This is the third essential element required to form a valid contract. (M.L Barron, fundamental of business law, chapter 7, page 207) The consideration is this case is $5000 from the promisor to the promisee to keep the option open [Currie vs. Misa 918750 L.R. 10 ex.153][3]. CAACITY OF PARTIES The buyer was minor at the formation of contract October 1. This could be the seller defends against the buyer that he was a minor at that time and the agreement is ab initio since the consideration would not counted. According to the Australian Consumer Law some people are under a disability when it comes to making contracts (e.g. minors); their capacity to contract is restricted. (M.L Barron, fundamental of business law, chapter 7, page  193). Consideration which passed under the earlier contract cannot be implied into a contract which the minor enters on attaining majority. Thus, the consideration given during the minority is no consideration. If it is necessary a fresh contract may be entered into by the minor on attaining majority provided it is supported by fresh consideration. [Lesile V. Shiell, (1914) 3 K. B. 607][4]. The completion of agreement was November 1 and buyer turned into a major on October 2. And both the parties were agreed till October 24. Seller could not accu se that the contract is ab-initio because they have mutual consideration till October 24. It makes the contract voidable at the option of buyer not the seller at the time since the seller is unaware of the fact that he is a minor. But in the completion period buyer becomes a major. Therefore, seller cannot terminate the contract on basis of that. There is a valid consideration from both of the parties- from buyer that he will pay him until November 1 and sellers agreed on it. The contract becomes irrevocable. In spite of whether seller sending the cheque back, or didn’t cash the cheque. He can argue that he didn’t accept it. But the acceptance is made at the time when he received the cheque. If it is a valid contract and someone does not perform it on their part of bargain. In other words, he is repudiating it, and then the words must be certain. When buyer calls the seller he rejected to sell his van. But buyer has an option available to purchase it until November 1. Seller can argue that there wasn’t a proper contract it was preliminary negotiations . He can argue that he made a counter offer. If the case goes to the court buyer will prevail the law suit. Damages available to buyer  Breaches of contract are normally remedied by an award of â€Å"damages†- an amount of money that is paid as compensation, fairly and reasonably considered to arise naturally from the breach itself. It is reasonably supposed to have been in the contemplation of both parties at the time they made the contract, as the probable result of the breach (Gillies, P. (2004). Business law. (12th Ed.) Chapter 8, page 325). If the court gives decision in favour of buyer and it concludes that the contract is valid. Then buyer can sue the seller and immediately return of his $5000 cheque and for any actual, consequential and special damages [Hadley vs. Baxendale][5]. In  order to obtain consequential damages seller must have known about the losses that are caused by his breach. Buyer will argue that he has lost $1200 on cards, flyers and cell phone call as well as $50,000 that he can generate annually from that van. Seller could argue that buyer is not entitled for these damages since there is nothing mention in the contract retaining to these loses. The court will favour seller over here since it is not a unique van that buyer cannot do the business without it. When a contract has been broken, the injured party can recover from the other party such damages as naturally and directly arose in the usual course of things from the breach. This means that the damages must be the proximate consequence of the breach of contract. These damages are known as ordinary and/ or actual damages. Buyer can sue for actual damages, which would be the difference in price of the van and the comparable prevailing price in market. He can also obtain the special damages which would be costs curtailing from the breach like wastage of time and money from searching a new one. CONCLUSION Seller made an inviting gesture for an offer for his good. Buyer made an offer by calling the seller for his good; however he could not enter the contract for lack of money. Seller made a counter offer by asking for a mailed $5000 cheque. Buyer accepted the offer and therefore got into contract. The contract was made on the 2nd of October, one day before the buyer became a major, and was standing until the 1st of November, before which the seller backed out of the contract at the 25th of October. Seller may argue that the contract was not ab initio as the buyer was a minor at the time of contract. However, the buyer may argue that since the seller agreed to the contract, by accepting the mailed cheque, after the buyer was a major the contract is not ab initio and in fact does exist. In case the case goes to court the buyer will prevail in the law suit as the injured party. REFERENCES TEXT BOOK (Graw, S. (2002). An introduction to the law of contract. (4th ed) chapter 2, page 94) (M.L BARRON, fundamental of business law, chapter 7, page 207) (M.L Barron, fundamental of business law, chapter 7, page 193) (Gillies, P. (2004). Business law. (12th Ed.) Chapter 8, page 325) Gibson, A. and Fraser, D, (2007). Business law (3rd ed.) Chapter 7, page 293 CASES Partridge vs. Crittenden [1968][1] Partridge v Crittenden was a landmark 1968 British Court ruling that set legal precedent in that country. The case focused on the nature of advertisements in regard to the obligation of those who post them. Specifically, this case involved the sale of a bird, which the buyer, Crittenden, claimed was misrepresented in the ad. While Partridge initially lost the case, he later won on appeal. The significance of this ruling relates not to the sale of birds in particular, but whether an ad is an offer for sale or an ‘invitation to treat. [Routledge v. Grant, (1828) 4 Bing. 653] [2] Defendant (D) offered to buy plaintiff’s (P) house for a specific price with a definite answer to be given within six weeks. D was not bound to keep the offer open Best CJ if six weeks are given on one side to accept an offer, the other has six weeks to put an end to it. One party cannot be bound without the other. Currie vs. Misa [1875] L.R. 10 ex.153][3] Even relatively trivial things can be sufficient consideration e.g. chocolate wrappers but a promise not to bore someone cannot, because it has no value. [Lesile V. Shiell, (1914) 3 K. B. 607][4]. Defendant obtained loans from plaintiff by fraudulently misrepresenting that he was of full age at the time of contract. Defendant sued him to recover the money. [Hadley vs. Baxendale][5] A shaft in Hadley’s (P) mill broke rendering the mill inoperable. Hadley hired Baxendale (D) to transport the broken mill shaft to an engineer in Greenwich so that he could make a duplicate. Hadley told Baxendale that the shaft must be sent immediately and Baxendale promised to deliver it the next day. Baxendale did not know that the mill would be inoperable until the new shaft arrived. Baxendale was negligent and did not transport the shaft as  promised, causing the mill to remain shut down for an additional five days. Hadley had paid 2 pounds four shillings to ship the shaft and sued for 300 pounds in damages due to lost profits and wages. The jury awarded Hadley 25 pounds beyond the amount already paid to the court and Baxendale appealed.

10 Tips for Writing Your First Childrens Book

10 Tips for Writing Your First Childrens Book While you might think that writing a childrens book is an easy process, there are many challenges to writing a good childrens book and getting it successfully published. More childrens books with pictures are sent to potential editors and literary agents than any other type of book. To get to the top of this huge pile, you will want to follow these important tips to create a book that will stand out.Tip 1 - Figure out your target audienceWhen you think of children, what age range actually pops into your head first? Childrens reading abilities develop at a rapid pace, so your style needs to fit a very specific age group. Some age groups that are often used when choosing a target market for childrens books are as follows:Young Children: Ages 2–6Middle Grade: Ages 8–11Young Adult: Ages 12+There is a variety of reading levels within the young children age group. Children ages 5 and 6 years will probably be able to read more words than a child who is 3 years old. This is a key consideration when deciding on how many pictures and how many words you will use. Many writers think that their story will work for all age groups, but it is best to choose one group and write specifically for them.Tip 2 - Choose the right themeChoosing a theme is a crucial aspect of writing childrens books. There needs to be an appeal for your target age group. What is important to them? What kinds of situations are they concerned about in their everyday lives? For example, you dont want to write about a man who works every day at a fast-food restaurant when your target audience is pre-school children. Even if you have cute drawings and a fun story, that characters problems most likely wont resonate with very young children. The child needs to be able to identify with the characters visually as well as narratively.Tip 3 - Story development is keyThere needs to be a clear beginning to your story, a clear middle or peaking point, and a clear ending with closure. Childrens books dont need to have cliffhangers if there is a series of books. Children like resolutions to the story.The middle of the story needs to have some clear peak moment. What problem did the main character encounter? Did they meet someone special that day? Did the character maybe learn something new? Children can learn alongside the characters, especially when there are pictures and drawings to encourage a visual connection.Tip 4 - Keep it subtleJust because your story has a message for children doesnt mean that it needs to be made loud and clear. The children are reading the story first and foremost to have fun. You arent writing for the parents, either. To help you know if the moral of your story sounds too loud and clear, compare it to a fable. If you can see clear similarities to Aesops fables, then the message is probably too loud. While you might want to teach life lessons to the children through your story, it needs to first be a fun story.Tip 5 - Keep a good balance of words to picturesBecause childrens stories are short, it is a greater challenge to tell your story effectively. Using a good balance of words to pictures throughout the story can help to build a quality childrens book. Most childrens books with pictures range between 50 and 1,000 words in length. The story should stick to the point without using unnecessary words, terms, or events than can distract the child from the main point. There is one path with childrens books, which is different from adult novels and YA novels. There are a limited number of characters and the focus stays on their experiences.Tip 6 - Take your timeAgain, writing childrens books is not easy. Take your time to get it right. Despite being short, childrens books require the same type of effort that 300-page novels do. Review the story, diction, syntax, word choice, and other aspects that could affect how a child experiences the story. You could even consider the process similar to writing Pride and Prejudice as a limeric k with pictures.Tip 7 - Be uniqueIf you are submitting your book to a publisher or literary agent, youll want your story to stand out from the crowd. What makes it different from all the other childrens stories out there? What other books have your own kids read? How is your story different from those stories?You should also keep in mind that you can have a silly, a funny, or a serious childrens book. There is no one way to tell a story. A child could be dealing with grief or an injury or illness, and a more serious childrens book can help them to overcome those challenges. If you have a good idea for a serious childrens book, then be sure to apply all of the above tips to make it effective for your specific age group audience.Tip 8 - Find the right publisherIf you are not going the self-publishing route, then you will want to connect with the right publishing house or literary agent for this genre. Do some research into different publishers to find the ones who specialize in chil drens books. One way to find this information quickly is to look at published childrens books that you like or that are similar in theme and style to yours. Make note of the publisher listed on those books.Look those publishers up online and see if they accept unsolicited manuscripts. Not all publishing houses do. If they do not, then you will want to find a literary agent who can place your manuscript for you.Once you have chosen the right publisher and/or literary agent for your childrens book, you will want to write a query letter. This letter will be the key to getting your foot in the door. If you have nothing else edited for your childrens book, have your query letter edited. Publishers dont have time to accept letters and manuscripts that dont meet their standards, so be sure you meet all the requirements flawlessly before sending your letters out.Dont get caught up in scams. There are publishers that ask for money upfront or that only give you a very small percentage of the profits. Beware of those companies and stay away from them. This is why, despite the amount of time it can take, it is important to try and get picked up by a reputable company.Tip 9 - Find the right illustratorIf you choose to self-publish your work, then you will need to consider the illustrations. While it may seem like an attractive, cost-effective option, you should not illustrate your own work unless you are a professional illustrator. Set a realistic budget for your artwork. Be respectful of the time an illustrator will put into working on your book, and dont try to get them to do it for free or in exchange for royalties.Decide on what kinds and sizes of illustrations you want for your book. Do you want full-page illustrations or half-page ones? Will there be one per chapter? How big is your book going to be and how will it be laid out (horizontal, square, vertical)? All of these will determine what kinds of illustrations your book needs.If you are working with a publisher, then he or she will have illustrators. You will not need to search for an artist to create the drawings. You will, however, be able to collaborate with the publisher to ensure that the illustrations are what you envisioned for your story.Tip 10 - Consider costFor a 30-page childrens book, you could pay anywhere from $2,500 – $11,000. Royalties could be paid on top of that after publication. When figuring the cost, consider each illustration as its own piece of work. Generally, approximately $150 per illustration is a good place to start. There is a lot of time and effort that has to go into the drawings, so this is a reasonable expectation for a good illustrator. Plan plenty of time for this process as well. You dont want to rush illustrations because that can interfere with the creative process. A rushed set of illustrations can miss the mark when it comes to visually presenting your carefully created characters and storyline. With the right illustrations, you can have a gr eat start to marketing your book online direct to readers and to groups who will make bulk purchases for their students or patrons.Why are childrens books a good genre to write?Some people think that childrens book writers are the lesser types of authors. The illusion that writing childrens books is easy contributes to that misconception about the authors themselves. Despite this, writing childrens books is a rewarding and difficult process.Larger audienceWho do you think reads more books – children or adults? Children do! The Association of American Publishers reported that the children and young adult category saw the largest growth in the book industry in 2014. In addition, American children peak in their desire to read for fun in fifth grade. This means that from the time they start reading to the time they leave fifth grade, their desire for books is continually increasing. If you are looking for a continuing audience, then childrens books are a good place for you.Making moneyWhile some people think that there isnt enough money to make a living in the childrens book industry, this is not true. While it might take a while, childrens book authors do have an advantage when it comes to sales. Schools and libraries often make large orders of childrens books. This is especially true if the book has won awards or has been added to a particular reading list. This presents some pretty large marketing opportunities even for self-published authors. Working on cross-linking with bloggers and book enthusiasts will get your book recognized across the internet, which can translate directly into sales. You may even be able to get people to promote your book for you if you have an Amazon store and give affiliates a link to use to sell your book.Movies and TVThere are so many movies and TV shows based on childrens books that it would be hard to list them all. Many authors have even had their books optioned by studios. While that doesnt mean an immediate big paycheck , it does mean that there is that possibility for your story to be put out to audiences on additional mediums.In the end, writing childrens books is a lengthy and challenging process, but you have the opportunity to enhance the lives of young people all across the world. Seeing your work in libraries and schools, or even in your neighbors house, is worth all the time and effort you put into it.

Five Tips for Writing a Great Speech

Five Tips for Writing a Great Speech Five Tips for Writing a Great Speech Five Tips for Writing a Great Speech By Guest Author As the founder of a speech writing firm, Inkwell Strategies, Ive gotten used to drawing a certain amount of interest from new friends and acquaintances when asked what Ido for a living. After working in this somewhat niche profession for a number of years, I have come to expect questions about what the job entails, and even more frequently, inquiries about how to write a strong speech. There are a lot of different ways to answer that question, but after crafting remarks for leaders in government, nonprofits, and the private sector, I’ve learned that there are essentially five rules that all writers should follow in order to write a winning speech: 1. Read your speech out loud Unlike almost all other forms of writing, speechwriting is designed for listeners. So, when reviewing your text, read it to yourself, and pay attention to how the words sound and feel. Do they flow off the tongue, or are they clunky and awkward? If your phrases make you stumble, they are guaranteed to make your boss stumble as well. Just remember that good writing is not necessarily good speech writing. 2. Simple phrases are your friend Keep your sentences short and sweet. Compound phrases with multiple clauses may look great on paper, but are likely to confuse your audience and decrease the effectiveness of your speech. Limit yourself to one or two ideas per sentence, and express them as clearly and powerfully as possible. 3. Do your research Before beginning a speech, make sure to familiarize yourself with the subject, so that you can write about it with confidence and authority. The creative aspects of speech writing are only effective when backed by a strong foundation of knowledge by acredible speaker. The audience must trust your words in order for their meaning to sink in. If you’re well-prepared, it will show. 4. Mind the time A man once said that the key to crafting a great speech is writing a good beginning and a good ending, and making the two as close together as possible. That might not always be true, but consider this: Abraham Lincoln’s Gettysburg address,arguably the most famous speech in American history, lasted less than three minutes. Compare that to the two-hour speech given directly before Lincoln by Edward Everett. If I gave you four-score and seven guesses, could you tell me what he said? 5. Know your audience Your listeners should be a strong determining factor of the content, tone and style of your speech. Before drafting remarks, think about who you’re speaking to, the venue you’re speaking at and the timing of your speech. There’s a time and a place for every type of remarks. It’s your job to figure out when and where you are. These are just a few tips to get you started, but there is alot more to speech writing than that. If you’re interested in learning more, make sure to check out my website for commentary and analysis about the world of speech writing today. This is a guest post by David Meadvin, President of Inkwell Strategies, a professional speech writing and strategic communications firm located in Washington, DC. He was chief speech writer to the U.S. Attorney General and U.S. Senate Majority Leader. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Business Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 Classes and Types of PhrasesAwoken or Awakened?40 Words Beginning with "Para-"

Strategics management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Strategics management - Essay Example The ten schools of thought model from Mintzberg et. al. (1998) is a framework that can be used to categorize the field of Strategic Management. These schools are classified as: Design, Planning, Positioning, entrepreneurial, cognitive, learning, power, cultural, environmental and configuration. The Sony Scenario presents a management overhaul problem and re-structuring of the organization to meet the cultural environment needed for the future. For these the following schools of strategic thought will be directly related (Aguilar, 1967): The Design School: This school sees strategy formation as a process of conception. The approach used by this school is clear and unique, where strategies are formulated in a deliberate process. In this process, the internal situation of the organization is matched to the external situation of the environment. The Positioning School: This school sees strategy formation as an analytical process. The approach used by this strategic thought is that it places the business within the context its industry, and looks at how the organization can improve its strategic positioning within that industry. The Entrepreneurial School: This school sees strategy formation as a visionary process. The visionary process takes place within the mind of the charismatic founder or leader of an organization. The school stresses the most innate of mental states and processes- intuition, judgment, wisdom, experience, and insight.

Literary Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Literary Analysis - Essay Example The plot describes her character since the death f her father. Emily is described as a society monument. Her significance in this particular society was generated from her father’s participation in the civil war. However, Emily portrayed negative behavior as her father died. She stayed from the society for along time staying confined in her house. She later interacted with the society and fell in lover with a mason, Holmer. Her wish to be married to him was dashed as she went back to her confinement behavior. At one time in the novel, she bought a bottle of poison which she was believed to poison herself with. However, this took long that expected. Her confinement from the society enabled her to be secretive till her death. After her death, the society also realized that she was also involved in the death of Holmer after his body was found in her apartment (Ruthmann 33). The reviewing the use of figurative use in the novel, the character of Emily is rampantly represented. Her versatile characterization enabled the author to represent her in more that one figurative speech. The figurative perception was also based on the perception towards her. One significant figurative representation of Emily was her reference to as a society monument after her death. ... Her personality was compared to that of men and men in the novel valued her character. In this regard, her personality was a unique feature among women in the society. Using a figurative explanation of her character, the author referred to her as a man. Holmer pointed out that he would not be married to a man (Morton 23). Referring her to a man was based on her strong personality and character. In an argument by Ruthmann the referring to Emily as a man by Holmer is a symbolic way in which portrays the strong character of Emily (56). Additionally, in regards to Emily’s character women in the novel setting were afraid of confronting her as they used to consult the police or authorities to intervene in case an issue arises. This symbolically portrays the strength and significant perception of Emily. Additionally, Emily’s family was a symbolic representation of the strong personality she possessed. The significance of this figurative display of Emily’s character play ed a crucial role in the in the novel. The plot of the novel required a strong feminine figure that would represent the preferred feminine character by the author. In terms of forecasting the events in the novel, Emily’s figurative representation of her character was significant. For instance, when she purchased a drug the community was certain she had a negative idea in her mind in regards to the drug. The mood in the novel also revolves around the character representation of Emily. The turnout at Emily’s burial ceremony was a figurative representation of her significance in this particular society. The burial ceremony experienced a huge turnout as men and women from all social classes attended her burial. Emily was a controversial figure in the society but she

Covenants Land law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Covenants Land law - Essay Example The main concern in this case is whether or not Sarah is able to enforce the covenant to Oliver who will only own the land for a particular period which is 50 years. The answer is definitely no. Sarah does not have any legal ground to enforce the covenant to Oliver since the covenant between Leonard and Mary did not apply to Oliver2. However, Sarah has all the legal grounds to enforce some penalty to Mary for the bridge of covenant. The reason is that Mary had not sold off the land to Oliver. Therefore, the covenant is still biding, what she did was to lease the land to Oliver, but not sell it to him. What this means is that the covenant is still binding and Mary has to take the responsibility to ensure that the restrictive covenant signed between her and Leonard is upheld. Therefore, the piece of advice to Sarah is to get hold of Mary and charge her with the responsibility3. However, this should be noted that it is the covenantee who enforces the covenant to the covenanter. This will be in exception incase the deed was designed to provide that the covenanter is not in any way liable incase there is a breach in the covenant after he/she has sold the land. However, this is not applicable in this case because Mary had not sold the land In the second case regarding Ned, the covenant they agreed on was one that denied him the right to use the plot for commercial use. However, when Ned sold the plot to Phillip he went ahead to use it for commercial use where he offered yoga and log cabin services. This is a little complex since Ned sold the land to Philip. It can even be more complex incase Ned cannot be easily traced4. Sarah may not be able to enforce the covenant on Philip since there was no any transaction between them. However, if Sarah can be able to reach Ned then she can be able to compel her to make the same agreement with Ned. In fact, it may be difficult for Sarah to

Forbidding Mourning by John Donne Essay Example for Free

Forbidding Mourning by John Donne Essay The principal theme of the poem is that lovers remain united even when they are physically separated. Donne proves his idea by argument, conceits, passion, and thought. It is believed that Donne left for France in 1611. He gave this poem to his wife at the time of his departure. The poet advises his wife not to mourn the temporary separation, because their love remains intact despite their parting. Parting brings their souls even closer. The biographical details of the poet, however, are not essential to the appreciation of the poem. The poet has universalized a personal experience. The poem is a remarkable illustration of intellectualization of passion and has Donne’s famous conceit of compass towards the end. The poem quietly begins with a metaphysical conceit. Virtuous people are not afraid of death. They visualize the life beyond death. So they pass away quietly. To the Elizabethans, separation is the death of the lovers. The poet believes and convinces his wife that separation strengthens love. Otherwise, separation is unimportant, even impossible. Even parting lovers don’t part. And separation is the expansion of their love. The poet asks his beloved to part quietly without creating a scene : So let us melt, and make no noise. The word ‘melt’ has many meanings. It implies ‘separation’, ‘death’, ‘tenderness’, etc. Let there be no floods of tears and no tempests of sighs, so characteristic of the Elizabethan lovers. It would be vulgarization of their love. Love is a mystery to the world, but not to the lovers. Let this mystery not be revealed to the world. Then the poet contrasts the physical love and spiritual love. The ordinary lovers are earthly, but spiritual lovers are divine. An earthquake causes great damage. People calculate the damage and the threat. On the other hand, the movement of heavenly bodies, though much greater, is harmless. The poet wants that his wife should let him part quietly. The earthly lovers cannot separate from the beloved, because their love or lust is tied to the limbs of the lady. They cannot afford to be away from those lips, eyes, and hands. The love between the poet and his beloved is spiritual and springs from mutual faith and understanding. It is mutual mental assurance. Theirs is the union of the minds and souls. The lovers unite into a single being, sharing a single soul. Their unity is not damaged by physical separation. The greater the distance, the stronger the soul. Separation is no breach, no break. Their love is precious like gold. It is expansive. Gold beaten thin covers an unexpectedly vast area. So their love will not break because of separation, but becomes rare and refined : Our two souls, therefore, which are one, Though I must go, endure not yet A breach, but an expansion, Like gold to airy thinness beat. The phrase ‘airy thinness’ has divine associations. It suggests angels in the air and the angelic or divine love between the lovers. If the lovers do not share a common soul, Donne argues that their individual souls are joined together at the top, like the legs of a compass. Perhaps no other image is used so often to illustrate metaphysical poetry and metaphysical conceit. The beloved who stays at home is like the fixed foot, fixed at the centre. It is fixed. It does not seem to move, but it does when the other foot moves. It leans and follows the roving (moving) foot. The roving foot, i. e. the lover, having completed the circle, returns to the centre and is reunited with the fixed foot. Donne believes in the love that has faith and firmness of the beloved which helps the lover to complete his circle (or journey) accurately. Eventually, he returns home to his beloved. They are face to face with each other. She is the focus of his life, the beginning and the end of his journey, and of all he wants : Thy firmness draws my circle just, And makes me end, where I begun. Donne’s use of conceit here and elsewhere is not ornamental but functional. It convinces, persuades, amplifies, and illustrates. Coleridge admires ‘A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning’. The poem is quiet triumph of the marital romance. It shows a remarkable restraint using a simple poetic form. The poem is even more meaningful today when the marital understanding it celebrates is fast vanishing. A great poet like Donne can produce good poetry out of a geometry box. ‘A Valediction : Forbidding Mourning’ is passionate logic turned poetry.

Free College Essays - Impact of Characters on Conrad in Ordinary People :: Ordinary People

Ordinary People - Impact of Characters on Conrad    In the novel Ordinary People, by Judith Guest, many people affect Conrad.   Three people that have an affect on him are his father, mother and therapist.   Conrad goes through significant changes by the way he has been affected.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the beginning of the novel Con had just returned from the hospital for attempting suicide.   Right off the bat Con finds it hard to wake up in the morning because he is afraid that anxiety and failure will be waiting for him.   He makes himself think of reasons to get out of bed.   Then he goes through the whole ritual in his head.   Con was depressed.   He would be a treated very fragile wise by his teachers.   He also was a very doubt full person.   When it came to his brother’s death, he would wish that he could have done something different.   Con would go through the whole scene in his head over and over again pondering on what he could have done right.   He also feels isolated from his mother.   Although he loves his mother, she could never love him back.   Most of the time he would feel obligated to stay away from her.   Because Lazenby reminded Con of his brother, Con decided to break up their frie ndship.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Throughout the novel one person who had an affect on Conrad was his father.   From the beginning of the novel, Con’s father had an understanding of him.   From talking to spending time with Con, his father was there most of the time.   When Conrad was confused or had a question, his father would try to help and answer him to the best of his ability.   Because his father was put into a home I think that he was able to understand Con a lot more.   Just as understanding he was also caring.   Whenever Con felt upset or happy, his father was there to share the experience. His father would always make sure that Con was all right.   His father cared so much that he gave Con a number of a psychiatrist.   Unlike the mother, the father would like to see Con back to normal.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The mother had a negative affect on Conrad.   After the brother’s death, and Con’s attempted suicide, she could never deal with Con.   When the brother died so did a part of her ability to love.

To what extent can an HR manager ensure that policy / policies regarding developing people for performance in an organisation are put into practice

Introduction As it is a relatively new focus for modern organizations, human resources is increasingly viewed as paramount to a company’s success, as Cascio (1991) cited â€Å"people are our most valuable asset.† Long gone is the ideology of a company being represented by its assets and wealth, rather it is the personnel side of business which faces significant challenges, as Ulrich (1998) cited numerous ways in which human resources is invaluable to today’s business notably the use of organizational knowledge and adaptability to the ever changing business environment. Due to this focus on people in organizations human resource managers now arguably have more value than the majority of individuals operating in different functions (Lengnick-Hall and Lengnick-Hall 1988.) The majority of business academics support the newly formed metaphor of a business being an organism as opposed to the out dated view of a business as a machine or process, which was shown by O’Neill (2 007) to be evidently reductionist in the way it views organisational procedures. O’Neill highlighted that whilst the biological metaphor was clearly more complex, its acknowledgement of sub systems and informal mechanisms makes it much more suitable for the modern workplace, where human resource’s importance largely outweighs the more operational aspects of a business. HR and Competitive Advantage The role of human resources and human resource managers is now so vital to companies that many academics view the area as a source of major competitive advantage to a firm (Ferris et al 1999, Wright et al 2006.) This view sees that human resources as a function is best to be integrated into all of the businesses primary functions (Arthur 1994) and Miles and Charles (1984) even went so far as to include human resources as part of an organizations strategic decisional processes. However whilst many support this increased focus on the personnel side of a business, for instance Teece et al (1997) believed the transfer of knowledge and skills in developing the workforce is the only real dynamic capability a modern company can hold, Dunford et al (2001) highlighted that the human resource function has struggled to justify its position in organizations (see Drucker 1954, Stewart 1996.) Whilst the importance of people in organizations has little opposition, many view human resource professio nals to have limited importance on the workforce and implementing various policies. Whilst Barney and Wright (1996) examined and supported the importance of a human resource partner in running businesses, it could be argued that whilst making the relevant human resource decisions is necessary, using middle / junior human resource managers to promote these policies is more difficult. Gunnigle (1977) for instance noted that whilst senior management possesses a lot of authority in making personnel decisions, a range of different approaches is suitable for implementing policies, from a â€Å"high strategic integration of human resource issues in strategic planning to more piecemeal ad hoc approaches to managing human resources.† Human resources development As human resources has become so central to organizations, policies regarding developing a company’s personnel have emerged as the focal point for many academics. Defined by Swanson and Holton (2009) as â€Å"a process of developing and unleashing expertise for the purpose of improving individual, team, work processes and organizational system performance,† human resource development is seen by Nadler (1970) to contain three key components, these being training, education and development for the workforce. Developing policies to improve a workforces skills and successfully implementing them assumes a pivotal role in shaping a business’s strategy (Torraco and Swanson 1995.) In fact what Agrawal (1994, cited by Torraco and Swanson 1995) discovered is that whilst the majority of organizations have sufficient technology and policies regarding personnel development, in reality many employees are not actually trained sufficiently to use new equipment. This therefore im plies that managers need to take a more proactive approach in ensuring development policies are put into practice. However due to the vagueness of the development concept, Swanson and Holton (2009) simply look at it in terms of being a problem defining and solving process. The question then becomes what influence a human resources manager has in a modern workplace scenario to implement policies. Whilst Guest et al (2003) found a greater use of human resource management is associated with lower labour turnover and increased employee satisfaction, the actual power a human resources manager has over making changes to workforce policies is limited as seen by Miles (1965) due to the ideological gap between the workforce and managers. Miles used the example of the gap between how managers prefer a different personnel approach to their subordinates than to their superiors. This discrepancy showed that whilst managers welcome a focus on their abilities and development when regarding more se nior managers, they would rather adopt a human relations approach to the workforce, whereby the focus is on morale. Therefore managers in this position could be reluctant to use any formal power they may have to implement new policies. Kanter’s (1989) findings also point towards this conclusion, as Kanter discovered a number of changes in the employee – manager relationship, notably the reduction of power and distance between a manager and their subordinates. Whilst Kanter’s idea that managers now have to implement ideas through more interpersonal and informal means is appealing to a workforce, the concept of â€Å"managers are integrators and facilitators, not watchdogs,† could prove to be problematic when it comes to implementing strict policies on the workforce. Employee factors In order to fully analyse how a human resources manager can successfully implement workplace policies regarding development, various employee factors come into consideration. Firstly there is the importance of the style of communication used. As mentioned previously the distance between managers and workers particularly in large organizations necessitates the effective use of communication channels. According to Soliman and Spooner (2000) using a two way free flowing communication system is the most appropriate method of dealing with development, because it would allow not only for managers to communicate policies to the workforce, it would also allow two way feedback on the said procedures. This idea of a loop of communication regarding development is supported by Bradley (2002) who argued that a â€Å"coherent evaluation and feedback system† should be integrated into every new workplace policy. This is especially vital for development due to the highly personal nature of the issue. Only through effective feedback will human resource managers have the required knowledge about the workforce to ensure that suitable development policies are implemented. A relevant suggestion on how this ideology could be used in a modern business scenario was proposed by Mehra and Brass (2001) in suggesting the use of social networks to communicate feedback to managers. Another clear factor in a human resource manager’s ability to promote development policies is the emotional intelligence of the staff. Sy et al (2006) showed that high levels of emotional intelligence clearly correlate with workplace performance and satisfaction. This suggests that a manager with a highly emotionally intelligent workforce would have an easier time ensuring policies are put in place. Cherniss (2001) even went so far as to cite â€Å"self management† as a key component of the framework of emotional intelligence, implying perhaps that if a workforce was mature and skilled enough the job of the human resource manager would be completed by the staff. However whilst this may seem appealing to managers there is also a problematic issue with emotionally intelligent workforces. The majority of modern workforces possess clear elements of emotional intelligence and often utilise informal learning in their position (Eraut 2004.) Garrick (1998) noted the danger of this informal learning style, that it is not controlled in any way by the management team. With the increased trend for workplace environments to be based around intelligent project / task teams (Hechanova-Alampay and Beehr 2001) human resource managers could often find themselves facing insurmountable odds if they wished to implement unpopular policies. Therefore in order for managers to be able to put policies in place they must ensure in addition to there being effective communication channels in place that a degree of employee commitment is drawn from the workforce. Studies by Romzek (1990) proved the use of employees holding a psychological tie to their place of work, and highlighted the managerial influence on this subject. The way in which managers can ensure employees hold this commitment is displayed by Vischer’s (2006) ranges of environmental comfort. As long as employees show a certain level of comfort human resource managers should be able to implement new development policies. Managerial Factors There has been a large amount of research completed on the new role that managers now face in organizations, namely the human resource function where research seeks to provide guidance on how to deal with specific workforces (Geroy et al 2000.) This is largely due to the new styled work of managers as they face a changing psychological contract with their workforce and so need to build commitment in their implementing of policies (Hiltrop 1999.) This therefore means that managers need to adapt traditional managerial styles if they wish to have the power to put in place new development policies. Vischer (2005) used the example of the new style of managerial offices, where employees can view the managers working to symbolise the increased need for an interpersonal approach to managerial work. Whilst managers traditionally took a scientific based approach to implementing new policies, for instance the labour process conceptualization cited by Ramsay et al (2000) the modern way of reachi ng a workforce is via a transactional leadership approach. Not only does this feedback, group based style work in terms of productivity results alone (Deluga 1988) it gives managers more authority to properly put policies into practice. Bass’ 1985 study justifies this success of transactional leadership by noting an increased employee confidence. Bass noted that a contactable manager with charisma fulfils the traditional leader role that many workforces look for when deciding whether or not to adopt a new policy. However there are other factors a manager must consider when attempting to promote new development policies, primarily there is the direct influence the manager has on the individual. This is especially vital for development policies as they are regarding individual people and so workers would resist policy changes from a manager whom they feel has no connection or influence on the person that they are. Important factors in this topic range from the face to face nece ssity for successful managers, as Dambrin (2004) demonstrated how the reduction of this direct communication in home based telephone workers significantly reduces the need for managers altogether, to the findings by Cleveland et al (2003) which noted the increased influence that managers of similar ages to their staff enjoy. Whilst this element is of little use to many managers (as they cannot help their relative age to the workforce) the concept that employees are willing to accept policy changes from people whom they consider to be similar to them is extremely useful. Therefore the practical use of these findings is in the manager’s tactics in dealing with their staff. There is much research that centres on this factor (Furst and Cable 2008, Wayne et al 2006) and recent findings suggest that managers adopt a highly individualistic based style when implementing development policies, as managerial influence is not equally perceived by workers (Barton and Deschamps 1988.) Lawl er et al (2007) highlighted that older, more highly educated employees feel they should have more say in their own development. Therefore the avocation must be for managers to manage their workforce reactively, not according to a pre-set plan of action (Niederkofler 2002.) Conclusion This report has investigated the extent to which a human resources manager can realistically implement policies regarding development in their workplace. Firstly the importance of human resources as an organizational function was explored, from Cascio’s generic quote to how human resource is now seen as essential in many modern businesses (Teece et al 1997, Barney and Wright 1996.) As personnel development is undoubtedly a vital issue in modern organizations (Torraco and Swanson 1995, Nadler 1970) the issue became how a manager can overcome the ideological gap between themselves and the workforce (Miles 1965.) The aspects that allow managers to do this and successfully implement development policies were tackled in firstly terms of employee expectations for managers, where Mehra and Brass’ communication recommendations and Eraut’s views on emotional intelligence were a focal point, and secondly the managerial influences on their staff such as the use of transform ational leadership and the individualistic style proposed by Barton and Deschamps (1988.) In this way managerial work is very much a self fulfilling prophecy where their expectations for the workforce will likely become reality (Swanson 1995,) and in this context managers should use this information about how to approach issues to their advantage, due to the power value of information as seen by Goad (2002.) References Arthur, J.B. (1994) Effects of Human Resource Systems on Manufacturing Performance and Turnover. The Academy of Management Journal, Vol 37, No 3 (June 1994) pp 670-687. Barney, J. B. & Wright, P. M. (1997). On becoming a strategic partner: The role of human resources in gaining competitive advantage (CAHRS Working Paper #97-09.) Ithaca, NY: Cornell University, School of Industrial and Labour Relations, Centre for Advanced Human Resource Studies. Barton, D.L. and Deschamps, I. (1988) Managerial Influence in the Implementation of New Technology. Management Science, Vol 34, No 10 (October 1988) pp 1252-1265. Bass, B.M. (1985) Leadership: Good, better, best. Organizational Dynamics, Vol 13, Issue 3, pp 26-40. Bradley, S.J. (2002) What’s workingBriefing and evaluating workplace performance improvement. Journal of Corporate Real Estate, Vol 4, Issue 2, pp 150-159. Cascio, W.F. (1991) Costing Human Resources: The financial impact of behaviour in organizations. (3rd ed) Boston: PWS-Kent Pub. Cherniss, C. (2001) Emotional intelligence and organizational effectiveness. Jossey-Bass publications. Drucker, P. (1994) The practice of management. New York: Harper. Cleveland, L.M. Jeanette, N. Goldberg, C.B. (2003) Work attitudes and decisions as a function of manager age and employee age. Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 88, Issue 3 (Jun 2003) pp 529-537. Dambrin, C. (2004) How does telework influence the manager-employee relationshipInternational Journal of Human Resources Development and Management. Vol 4, No 4, pp 358-374. Deluga, R.J. (1988) Relationship of Transformational and Transactional Leadership with Employee Influencing Strategies. Group Organization Management, Vol 13, No 4, pp 456-467. Dunford, B.B. Snell, S.A. and Wright, P.M. (2001) Human resources and the human resource based view of the firm. Centre for advanced human resources studies working paper, Cornell University. Eraut, M. (2004) Informal learning in the workplace. Studies in Continuing Education Vol 26, Issue 2. Ferris, G.R. Hochwarter, W.A. Buckley, M.R. Harrell-Cook, G. and Frink, D.D. (1999) Human Resources Management: Some New Directions. Journal of Management, Vol 25, No 3 (June 1999) pp 385-415. Furst, S.A. Cable, D.M. (2008) Employee resistance to organizational change: Managerial influence tactics and leader-member exchange. Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 93, Issue 2 (March 2008) pp 453-462. Garrick, J. (1998) Informal learning in the workplace: Unmasking human resources development. Routledge publishing. Geroy, G.D. Wright, P.C. and Jacoby, L. (2000) Toward a conceptual framework of employee volunteerism: an aid for the human resource manager. Management Decision, Vol 38, Issue 4, pp 280-287. Goad, T.W. (2002) Informational literacy and workplace performance. Quorum books, 88 Post Road West, Westport. Guest, D.E. Michie, J. Conway, N. Sheehan, M. (2003) Human Resource Management and Corporate Performance in the UK. British Journal of Industrial Relations, Vol 41, issue 2, pp 291-314. Gunnigle, P. (1977) Personnel Policy Choice: The Context for Human Resource Development. Journal of European Industrial Training, Vol 15, Issue 3. Hechanova-Alampay, R. Beehr, T.A. (2001) Empowerment, span of control, and safety performance in work teams after workforce reduction. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, Vol 6, Issue 4 (October 2001) pp 275-282. Hiltrop, J.M. (1999) The changing psychological contract: The human resource challenge of the 1990s. European Management Journal, Volume 13, Issue 3 (September 1995) pp 286-294. Kanter, R.M. (1989) The new managerial work. Harvard Business Review, Vol 67, Issue 6, pp 85-92. Lawler, E.E. Renwick, P.A. and Bullock, R.J. (2007) Employee influence on decisions: An analysis. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, Vol 2, Issue 2, pp 115-123. Lengnick-Hall, C.A. and Lengnick-Hall, M.L. (1988) Strategic Human Resources Management: A Review of the Literature and a Proposed Typology. The Academy of Management Review, Vol 13, No 3 (July 1988) pp 454-470. Mehra, A. Kilduff, M. and Brass, D.J. (2001) The Social Networks of High and Low Self-Monitors: Implications for Workplace Performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol 46, No 1 (March 2001) pp 121-146. Miles, R.E. (1965) Human Relations or Human ResourcesHarvard Business Review, Volume 43, Issue 4, pp 148. Miles, R.E. Charles, C. (1984) Designing strategic human resources systems. Organizational Dynamics, Vol 13, Issue 1, pp 36-52. Nadler, L. (1970) Developing Human Resources. Gulf Publishing Company, Book Publishing Division, Box 2608, Houston, Texas 77001. Niederkofler, M. (2002) The evolution of strategic alliances: Opportunities for managerial influence. Journal of Business Venturing, Vol 6, Issue 4 (July 1991) pp 237–257. O,Neill, M.J. (2007) Measuring workplace performance. (2nd Ed) CRC Press. Ramsay, H. Scholarios, D. and Harley, B. (2000) Employees and High-Performance Work Systems: Testing inside the Black Box. British Journal of Industrial Relations, Vol 38, Issue 4, pp 501-531. Romzek, B.S. 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Tanks in World War I

In 1915 Europe was in the midst of World War I and was at a stalemate caused by trench warfare. There was a need for new and revolutionary weapons to end the dilemma. The British found a solution to this problem by inventing tanks. The invention of the tank had numerous pros and cons, but it ultimately changed warfare. Tanks were built for the purpose of traversing through trenches. Trenches were becoming a literal wall and prevented either side from advancing. Tanks were the solution to the predicament that was the Western Front. The first prototype was called Mark I and was tested for the British Army in the September of 1916. Tanks were progressive and enabled many new tactics. They used caterpillar tracks which had a less likelihood of becoming stuck due to sinking. Tanks offered protection against firearms and intimidated German infantry men that were shocked deeply by the fact that they cannot destroy a tank with machine gun alone. Tanks were also great for accompanying infantry to protect them. There were also cons that went along with the use of tanks. Tanks were very slow, moving at a rate of four miles per hour; casual human walking speed. They were mechanically unreliable, and broke down frequently. Most of the time tanks were hot, numbingly loud and generally uncomfortable for the crews. After the British introduced the tank into the war other countries had their own variations. France launched their first tank, the Schneider CA1, shortly after Britain had introduced the. Mark I. These tanks were the same as British tanks in most aspects, except for that they moved faster by 1 mph. Close to the end of World War I, Germany had their own tank. The A7V, nicknamed â€Å"The Moving Fortress† by the British because of the shape of the hull, was entered into war in 1918 and were in action for eight months. One hundred vehicles were ordered during the spring of 1918, but only 21 were delivered.